How to Get a STEM Degree: A Complete Guide

Getting a degree in science, technology, engineering, or math (STEM) can open up many exciting career opportunities STEM skills are in high demand, and STEM occupations are projected to grow faster than the average for all occupations over the next decade

If you’re interested in getting a STEM degree, this comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from choosing the right program to succeeding as a STEM student.

Why Get a STEM Degree?

There are many great reasons to get a degree in a STEM field:

• In-demand skills. STEM skills are highly valued by employers. STEM occupations are projected to grow by 8% from 2019 to 2029, compared to just 3.7% growth for all occupations.

• Higher pay. STEM degree holders tend to earn higher salaries. The average starting salary for someone with a bachelor’s degree in engineering is nearly $70,000.

• Career advancement, A STEM degree can open up opportunities for career growth and leadership roles, Many top executives have backgrounds in STEM

• Job security. STEM skills will be needed far into the future, so a STEM degree can provide more stable career prospects. Technology, science, and math will always be integral to society.

• Variety of fields. STEM skills are applied in diverse industries, from healthcare to finance to entertainment. A STEM degree gives you options.

• Personal fulfillment. STEM careers let you apply math and science to solve real-world problems. They provide intellectual challenge and opportunities to innovate.

Choosing the Right STEM Program

Once you’ve decided to pursue a STEM degree, the next step is selecting the right program. Consider the following factors:

Undergraduate vs. Graduate

You can obtain a STEM degree at either the undergraduate (bachelor’s) or graduate (master’s and doctorate) level. Bachelor’s degrees provide basic prerequisites for many STEM careers. Advanced degrees can lead to higher-level positions and salaries.

Institutions and Accreditation

Look for a program at a properly accredited institution, confirming it provides quality education in your field. Public universities tend to offer affordable in-state tuition rates. Private schools may provide smaller classes and networking opportunities. Community colleges offer associate degrees preparing you for transfer to a 4-year program. Online programs provide added flexibility.

Specializations

Narrow your focus by choosing a concentration within your STEM major, like computational biology or mechanical engineering. Review course requirements to find the best specialization for your interests and career goals.

Costs and Financial Aid

Carefully weigh costs against expected career earnings, and apply for scholarships or fellowships. Many STEM majors also qualify for government grants and student loans with favorable terms. Seek employer tuition assistance if you’re already working in a STEM field.

Succeeding as a STEM Student

Pursuing a STEM degree takes commitment. Here are some tips to help you thrive:

• Master prerequisites. Many STEM courses build on knowledge from previous classes. Use online resources to brush up on pre-requisite math, science, and technology skills.

• Develop problem-solving skills. Break complex problems into logical steps. Persist through difficulties using trial-and-error. Draw diagrams, substitute values, or work problems backwards.

• Improve technical skills. Take full advantage of lab time to develop skills using scientific instruments and engineering tools. Practice required computer programs.

• Study math and science thoroughly. Don’t just memorize formulas. Make sure you conceptually understand the theories behind them. This provides a stronger foundation for advanced courses.

• Use online learning tools. Supplement coursework with Khan Academy, Coursera, edX, and other online learning platforms. They provide extra practice for difficult concepts.

• Form study groups. Fellow students can help explain difficult lessons. Study groups keep you focused and accountable. Teaching others also reinforces your own knowledge.

• Get real-world experience. Look for co-ops, internships, research projects, and other opportunities to apply classroom concepts. This experience is valued by employers.

• Build connections. Attend career fairs and join professional associations. Networking will be key when it’s time to search for jobs.

STEM Degree Options

Here’s an overview of common degree options in each of the STEM fields:

Science

• Biology: Study living organisms and life processes. Careers include biologists, ecologists, zoologists, botanists.

• Chemistry: Learn about chemical elements, structures, reactions. Careers include chemists, chemical engineers, pharmacists.

• Physics: Understand matter, energy, forces. Careers include physicists, astronomers, aerospace engineers.

• Earth Science: Examine earth’s systems and resources. Careers include geologists, meteorologists, environmental scientists.

Technology

• Computer Science: Design software and information systems. Careers include software developers, systems analysts, database administrators.

• Information Technology: Implement and support IT systems. Careers include network engineers, cybersecurity analysts, computer support specialists.

• Data Science: Collect, organize and analyze large datasets. Careers include data analysts, data engineers, machine learning engineers.

Engineering

• Mechanical: Design and build machines, parts, and systems. Careers include machine designers, HVAC engineers, automotive engineers.

• Electrical: Work on electronics, power systems, and communications networks. Careers include electrical engineers, signal processing engineers, broadcast engineers.

• Chemical: Design processes for synthesizing and transforming chemicals. Careers include chemical process engineers, combustion engineers, plastics engineers.

• Civil: Plan, design, and supervise infrastructure projects. Careers include civil engineers, construction managers, urban planners.

Mathematics

• Pure Math: Study abstract mathematical concepts like algebra, analysis, number theory. Careers include mathematicians, statisticians, financial analysts, actuaries.

• Applied Math: Use mathematical methods to solve real-world problems. Careers include data scientists, epidemiologists, scientific computing.

Finding a STEM Job

A STEM degree opens doors, but you still have to put in work to land that first job. Here are some tips:

• Start your job search early, at least 6-9 months before graduating. The process can take time.

• Update your resume to highlight STEM skills, lab work, major projects, and other relevant experiences.

• Develop a strong LinkedIn profile to connect with professionals in your desired industry.

• Attend career fairs and networking events to make connections at target companies.

• Use online job boards, but also check companies’ websites directly for openings.

• Prepare for technical interviews. Review concepts you studied in your major classes.

• Highlight teamwork, problem-solving, and communication skills. Employers seek well-rounded candidates.

• Consider opportunities at government labs, research centers, think tanks, and other organizations beyond private industry.

• Be willing to relocate for the best opportunities. Some industries are concentrated in specific geographic regions.

Alternatives to Traditional STEM Degrees

Traditional 4-year degrees aren’t your only option. Alternatives include:

• Associate degrees: Earn an AS in 2 years in fields like computer science, engineering, mathematics. Transfer to a bachelor’s program afterward.

• Bootcamps: Attend intensive, accelerated programs to gain skills in areas like web development, data analytics, cybersecurity.

• Certificates: Gain expertise in a specific technology. Options include CAD, IT networking, cybersecurity, programming languages.

• Apprenticeships: Get paid as you learn on the job. Apprenticeships are available in advanced manufacturing, IT, healthcare, and other fields.

• Industry training: Some tech companies offer their own credential programs to develop skills on their platforms.

These alternatives get you into the workforce more quickly. A bachelor’s degree is still preferred by most employers, but added certifications can complement your practical experience.

Earning a STEM degree is a great way to launch yourself into an exciting, high-paying career. Choose a program that fits your interests and professional goals. Master the skills to think critically and apply technical knowledge. Stay determined through academic challenges. And use all available resources to land that first job opportunity. The demand for STEM professionals will continue growing for years to come.