- H and I-beam shoring. …
- Secant pile shoring. …
- Contiguous pile shoring. …
- Sheet piles. …
- Diaphragm walls. …
- Raking shoring. …
- Hydraulic shoring. …
- Soil nail shoring.
Types of Shoring in Construction Project
What is shoring?
Shoring is the process of constructing a temporary structure on a construction or excavation site to support an unsafe structure. Professionals use shoring to stabilize unstable walls, demolish buildings, modify already-existing walls, build new walls, and fix foundations or walls that are cracked or broken. Professionals consider a number of factors when determining which type of shoring to use, including the soil on the site, its proximity to other structures, and its climate, including whether it is wet, dry, or close to a body of water.
Different types of shoring
Here are several different shoring types that construction professionals use:
H and I-beam shoring
Soldier pile walls, also known as H and I-beam shoring, provide support for excavation projects with a depth range of 50 inches to 200 inches. Professionals can either implant prefabricated steel beams into the ground using a drill or they can implant the steel into the beams into the ground without drilling first, depending on the type of soil they use for H and I-beam shoring. Professionals install concrete panels between the steel beams after they have been embedded in the ground to construct the shoring wall.
Secant pile shoring
In secant pile shoring, two walls are intersected so that they can lock together to form a single continuous wall. The stronger wall is referred to as the primary wall by experts, and the temporarily unstable wall is referred to as the secondary wall. When open excavation is not an option, typically due to other structures being too close to the construction site, professionals use this shoring. Since secant pile shoring is frequently used in close proximity to a standing structure, experts must exercise caution when building it.
Contiguous pile shoring
For construction sites with lower water pressure or availability, contiguous pile shoring, also referred to as tangent pile shoring, may be helpful. Professionals place piles, which are lengthy concrete cylinders, next to one another to create long rows of closely spaced piles in the contiguous pile shoring type. This type of shoring can help keep materials dry. If used in a humid environment, water may seep through the piles and dampen the materials.
Sheet piles
A vibratory hammer, which uses vertical vibrations to cut through steel, can be used by experts to create sheet piles. They pound the hammer into the ground after driving it through prefabricated steel, helping the wall remain upright. The connected sheet piles produce the shoring wall. Professionals can use sheet piles to hold back soil during excavations, and since the sheets can prevent water from penetrating the wall, this is a great option for excavations close to bodies of water.
Diaphragm walls
When none of the other shoring types are strong enough to reach deep excavations, experts typically use diaphragm walls. Although it is more difficult to remove diaphragm walls once excavation is finished, professionals use reinforced concrete to build them because it is stronger and lasts longer than the other types of shoring. For the excavation of deep tunnels or basements, diaphragm walls are a good option.
Raking shoring
By positioning timber beams against the structure to be supported and then digging the beams into the ground, experts build raking shoring types. The beams, also known as rakers, should typically be at an angle of 60 to 70 degrees to maximize their use as structural supports. Steel wall plates can be used by experts to strengthen the structure and guarantee that none of the rakers will collapse or break.
Hydraulic shoring
Since hydraulic shoring is a quicker and simpler type of shoring, experts use it when they need to complete an excavation job quickly. Although hydraulic shoring is ideal for short-term excavations because the equipment used in this type of shoring is simpler to manage, they typically use other shoring methods for longer excavation jobs. Professionals use hydraulic pistons, which are cylinders that water quickly pushes through, to operate hydraulic shoring. They force the hydraulic pistons outward until they collide with the need for support walls. Professionals typically place steel plates against the walls to serve as the pistons’ targets.
Soil nail shoring
By adding reinforcements like steel bars or nails, soil nail shoring fortifies soil slopes and walls. In order to place the reinforcement material next to the unstable structure, experts first drill a hole in the ground. To increase stability and provide better defense against any potential natural threats, like wind, they angled the material downward.
Timber shoring
When there are no other shoring options available or it is difficult to access small excavation areas, professionals use timber shoring in a wide range of situations. Timber shoring is the practice of using shoring materials by experts to support buildings that run perpendicular to trenches. Professionals can dig deeper into trenches thanks to the materials’ assistance in entering tighter spaces. Here are some of the materials used in timber shoring:
Dead shoring
To support dead loads, or the total weight of a structure, experts use dead shoring. It entails the use of vertical beams coated with a substance that provides additional support, such as steel plates. Typically, two beams are connected with a third beam atop them that can support the structure’s dead weight. Since dead shoring can support heavy loads while maintaining what is left of the damaged structure, professionals choose to use this type of shoring when the majority of the structure they are working on has sustained significant damage. The foundation of the building is strengthened by the use of beams.
Flying shoring
Flying shoring is a technique used by experts to support two parallel walls that would otherwise collapse without support. Steel plates, horizontal beams, struts, and staining pieces are utilized in the flying shoring type. To keep the two walls upright, experts must construct a scaffolding that can be wedged between them.
Pneumatic shoring
Utilizing air compressors, pneumatic shoring uses air pressure to maintain structures’ uprightness. The air compressor transforms power into energy that can pressurize air and use high pressure force to prevent structures from collapsing, using either electric or gasoline energy.
FAQ
What are the basic types of shoring?
- Raking shoring.
- Flying shoring.
- Dead shoring.
What is the purpose of shoring?
There are two fundamental types of shoring: hydraulic aluminum and timber.
