IBM MQ is a family of message-oriented middleware products that IBM launched in December 1993. It was originally called MQSeries, and was renamed WebSphere MQ in 2002 to join the suite of WebSphere products. In April 2014, it was renamed IBM MQ. The products that are included in the MQ family are IBM MQ, IBM MQ Advanced, IBM MQ Appliance, IBM MQ for z/OS, and IBM MQ on IBM Cloud.
MQ stands for MESSAGE QUEUEING. WebSphere MQ allows application programs to use message queuing to participate in message-driven processing. Application programs can communicate across different platforms by using the appropriate message queuing software products.
When messages arrive on a queue, they can automatically start an application using triggering. If necessary, the applications can be stopped when the message (or messages) have been processed.
Because the MQ is independent of the Operating System you use i.e. it may be Windows, Solaris,AIX.It is independent of the protocol (i.e. TCP/IP, LU6.2, SNA, NetBIOS, UDP).It is not required that both the sender and receiver should be running on the same platform
With message queuing, the exchange of messages between the sending and receiving programs is independent of time. This means that the sending and receiving application programs are decoupled; the sender can continue processing without having to wait for the receiver to acknowledge receipt of the message. The target application does not even have to be running when the message is sent. It can retrieve the message after it is has been started.
WebSphere MQ for AIX, V5.3 runs on any machine that supports the AIX V4.3.3 PowerPC® 32.bit, or AIX® V5.1 Power 32 bit only operating system.
A message is a string of bytes that is meaningful to the applications that use it. Messages are used to transfer information from one application program to another (or between different parts of the same application). The applications can be running on the same platform, or on different platforms.
The default maximum message length is 4 MB, although you can increase this to a maximum length of 100 MB (where 1 MB equals 1 048 576 bytes).
In Web Sphere MQ, messages can be either persistent or non persistent. Persistent messages are logged and can be recovered in the event of a WebSphere MQ failure. Thus, persistent messages are guaranteed to be delivered once and only once. Nonpersistent messages are not logged. Web Sphere still guarantees to deliver them not more than once, but it does not promise to deliver them once.
Persistent messages are usually logged. Logging messages reduces the performance of your application, so use persistent messages for essential data only. If the data in a message can be discarded if the queue manager stops or fails, use a nonpersistent message.
A Web Sphere MQ server is a queue manager that provides queuing services to one or more clients. All the Web Sphere MQ objects, for example queues, exist only on the queue manager machine (the Web Sphere MQ server machine), and not on the client. A Web Sphere MQ server can also support local Web Sphere MQ Applications
MQSC Commands: These commands are used to handle the admin related functions for the components that are present in the MQ Series. In general MQSC commands are used for creating and maintaining Message channels, Queue Managers, Clusters etc… Control Commands: These commands are used to manage the processes and services that are helpful in the functioning of the MQ Series. In general these commands are used for Channel listener, Channel Initiator, Trigger monitor etc…
MQSC commands, including their attributes, can be written in uppercase or lowercase. Object names in MQSC commands are folded to uppercase (that is, QUEUE and queue are not differentiated), unless the names are enclosed within single quotation marks. If quotation marks are not used, the object is processed with a name in uppercase. SCRIPT COMMANDS : After entering in to queue manager we can find script commands. Script commands are same for every queue manager.(These Commands should be used in CAPITAL LETTERS)
For commands that have too many parameters to fit on one line, use continuation characters to indicate that a command is continued on the following line:
On Windows systems, use the Web Sphere MQ Services snap-in to display the properties of the queue manager, and check the Make queue manager the default box. You need to stop and restart the queue manager for the change to take effect.
If you use Web Sphere MQ for Windows NT and Windows 2000, configuration information is stored in the Windows Registry.
When you install the product, the Web Sphere MQ configuration file (mqs.ini) is created. It contains a list of queue managers that is updated each time you create or delete a queue manager. There is one mqs.ini file per node.
When you create a new queue manager, a new queue manager configuration file (qm.ini) is automatically created. This contains configuration parameters for the queue manager.
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IBM WebSphere Message Queue Interview Questions and Answers
MQ abbreviates Message Queuing. When it comes to message-driven processes, IBM enables users to simply keep up the pace with the WebSphere with which all application programs can simply be managed. There is no strict upper limit on the platforms when it comes to communicating and the good thing is vast support is available from IBM to enable the users to manage everything simply.
What are the benefits that corporations can have through IBM Websphere MQ
Organizations and corporations can simply send bulk messages over complex networks. There are no strict protocols that need to be followed. Even if they are, the same can be managed very easily. Enterprises can make sure of quick information delivery to the destinations and can always have the things done in the best possible manner.
1. What Is Mq And What Does It Do?Answer: MQ stands for MESSAGE QUEUEING. WebSphere MQ allows application programs to use message queuing to participate in message-driven processing. Application programs can communicate across different platforms by using the appropriate message queuing software products.
40. What is the dead letter queue in IBM MQ Series?Answer: Dead letter Queue in WebSphere MQ is a queue which is used by QueueManager to archive messages for a nonexistent queue.
9. What is the concept of switching?Answer: Ina network, there can be a very large number of nodes. Practically it is not possible to establish a direct physical connection between them all. Of course, this can enhance the cost up to a great extent and can make the network very complex. Thus, the concept of switching is considered. It basically acts as a temporary path that is established between a sender and a receiver for message transfer. The connection is terminated after the message is sent. Because not all the nodes need channels all the time, this concept can be applied. It is having a lot of advantages. All the data that seems to be sent on priority can be assigned sent immediately by stopping other operations.
21. What is Intercommunication?Answer: In Web Sphere MQ, intercommunication means sending messages from one Queue manager to another. The receiving queue manager could be on the same machine or another; nearby or on the other side of the world. It could be running on the same platform as the local queue manager or could be on any of the platforms supported by Web Sphere MQ. This is called a distributed environment. Web Sphere MQ handles communication in a distributed environment such as this using Distributed Queue Management (DQM). The local queue manager is sometimes called the source queue manager and the remote queue manager is sometimes called the target queue manager or the partner queue manager.
This facility is called triggeringThere are two ways of triggering: a. Application triggering b. Channel Triggering a) In the case of application triggering the components is Application queue: This is the message queue associated with an application Process: A process definition defines the application to be used to process messages from the application queue. Initiation queue: The queue manager monitors the application queue. If the trigger type of the application queue is set to Every then whenever a message is put to the application queue, the q manager looks into the process definition and puts a message having the application name and other details to the initiation queue Trigger monitor: The trigger monitor gets the trigger message from the initiation queue and starts the program specified. b) For channel triggering the transmission, queue is monitored and when messages are put in the transmission queue, the q manager puts a message in the channel initiation queue. The channel initiator is the program which monitors the initiation queue and starts the sender MCA. For the message to reach the target queue, the channel listener has to be running in the target queue manager
Control commands: these commands are used to manage the processes and services that are helpful in the functioning of the mq series. In general these commands are used for channel listener, channel initiator, trigger monitor etc
The application data. The content and structure of the application data is defined by the application programs that use it.
For example, you might want to start an application when the maximum number of messages on a queue reaches a specified number.
Mqsc commands: these commands are used to handle the admin related functions for the components that are present in the mq series. In general mqsc commands are used for creating and maintaining message channels, queue managers, clusters etc
The queue manager is responsible for storing and routing messages to other queue manager within mq and it also communicates with outside world e.g. Java program or any other mq client.
FAQ
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